Jobs

The generation after the civil war had a new job market with the beginning of the Industrial Era. Many male immigrants worked the dangerous jobs on the railroads or in mining. These men worked long hours and labored under dangerous circumstances for low wages. In the cities, employment in banking, engineering, and industry were possible. Male immigrants would often be seen working in the steel companies of Pittsburgh, or the Jewish would be employed in the garment business of New York City. Along with industry, came the involvement of new labor unions to battle big businesses' power. The family farm became a business venture and the farmer struggled to be part of the new technology. The women worked along side their husbands and children in the fields of the family farm or as sharecroppers. As technology replaced the need for farm workers, many migrated into the cities seeking employment. In the cities, women were working in garment factories, making buttons, packaging, fish packing and the confectionary industry. These jobs required the use of heavy machinery which brought great risk and exposure to the operators. Children were found working in textile mills and sweatshops in the cities. The children worked in dangerous factories that were unhealthy for them. They also worked long hours in terrible conditions for low wages. It was an accepted practice, of the time, for children to contribute to the family budget.


By: Karen Osborn